The Anthropology of Gift-Giving: Reading Answers & Explanations

IELTS Reading practice test · 13 questionsAcademicmedium

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About this passage

The passage opens: Giving gifts might seem one of the simplest and most spontaneous of human acts, an expression of generosity requiring no explanation. Yet anthropologists who have studied gift-giving in societies around the world have argued that it is a far more complex and revealing practice than it first appears.

  • Passage length: about 725 words
  • Questions: 13
  • Question types: Yes / No / Not Given, Multiple Choice, Short Answer

The Anthropology of Gift-Giving” is an original IELTS-style practice passage written by IELTS-Bank. It is not taken from an official IELTS or Cambridge test, so these answers only apply to our version.

Answer key at a glance

Show the quick answer list (questions 1–13)
  1. 1. YES
  2. 2. YES
  3. 3. NO
  4. 4. NO
  5. 5. NOT GIVEN
  6. 6. B
  7. 7. B
  8. 8. B
  9. 9. C
  10. 10. exchange
  11. 11. respect
  12. 12. money
  13. 13. solidarity

The Anthropology of Gift-Giving answers with explanations

Questions 1–5: Yes / No / Not Given

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in the passage? Write YES, NO or NOT GIVEN.

  1. 1

    Gift-giving is a more complex practice than it first appears.

    Show answer

    Answer: YES

    Why: The writer's view here agrees with the statement, so the answer is YES.

    Evidence · Paragraph 1
    …anthropologists who have studied gift-giving in societies around the world have argued that it is a far more complex and revealing practice than it first appears.
  2. 2

    Gifts, though seemingly freely given, in fact create obligations.

    Show answer

    Answer: YES

    Why: The writer's view here agrees with the statement, so the answer is YES.

    Evidence · Paragraph 2
    A key insight of anthropological research is that gifts, despite appearing to be freely given, in fact create obligations.
  3. 3

    Refusing a gift is generally regarded as a polite and acceptable act.

    Show answer

    Answer: NO

    Why: The writer's view here contradicts the statement, so the answer is NO.

    Evidence · Paragraph 3
    …there is the obligation to receive, for to refuse a gift may be taken as an insult or a rejection of the relationship it represents.
  4. 4

    The objects exchanged as gifts are always valued for their practical usefulness.

    Show answer

    Answer: NO

    Why: The writer's view here contradicts the statement, so the answer is NO.

    Evidence · Paragraph 5
    In many gift economies, certain items circulate endlessly as gifts without ever being consumed or put to practical use, their significance lying entirely in their role within the exchange.
  5. 5

    Gift-giving is more important in rural societies than in urban ones.

    Show answer

    Answer: NOT GIVEN

    Why: The statement claims that gift-giving is more important in rural societies than in urban ones, but the passage never confirms or denies this, as it only discusses gift-giving's complexity and social significance generally.

    Closest related text · Paragraph 1
    Giving gifts might seem one of the simplest and most spontaneous of human acts, an expression of generosity requiring no explanation.

Question 6: Multiple Choice

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

Options
  • A. the giver becomes wealthier
  • B. the relationship may be strained or even end
  • C. the receiver gains higher status
  • D. the gift loses its material value
  1. 6

    What may happen if a gift is never reciprocated?

    Show answer

    Answer: B — the relationship may be strained or even end

    Why: This is the part of the passage that supports B — the relationship may be strained or even end.

    Evidence · Paragraph 2
    A gift that is never reciprocated can strain or even end a relationship, because it leaves the receiver in a position of unrepaid debt.

Question 7: Multiple Choice

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

Options
  • A. to buy, to sell and to profit
  • B. to give, to receive and to reciprocate
  • C. to save, to spend and to lend
  • D. to make, to keep and to destroy
  1. 7

    Which three obligations do scholars associate with gift exchange?

    Show answer

    Answer: B — to give, to receive and to reciprocate

    Why: This is the part of the passage that supports B — to give, to receive and to reciprocate.

    Evidence · Paragraph 3
    …the obligation to give... the obligation to receive... the obligation to reciprocate, to return a gift of appropriate value in due course.

Question 8: Multiple Choice

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

Options
  • A. by keeping their possessions to themselves
  • B. by giving lavishly and parting with a great deal
  • C. by refusing all gifts offered to them
  • D. by selling gifts for money
  1. 8

    In some societies, how could a person gain honour through gift-giving?

    Show answer

    Answer: B — by giving lavishly and parting with a great deal

    Why: This is the part of the passage that supports B — by giving lavishly and parting with a great deal.

    Evidence · Paragraph 4
    …a person who gives lavishly may gain honour precisely because of what they part with.

Question 9: Multiple Choice

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

Options
  • A. it is completed immediately and impersonally
  • B. it involves money rather than objects
  • C. it is personal and aims to create a lasting bond rather than settle accounts
  • D. it requires no relationship between the parties
  1. 9

    How does gift exchange differ from a commercial transaction?

    Show answer

    Answer: C — it is personal and aims to create a lasting bond rather than settle accounts

    Why: This is the part of the passage that supports C — it is personal and aims to create a lasting bond rather than settle accounts.

    Evidence · Paragraph 6
    It is personal rather than impersonal, it is not concluded immediately but extends over time, and its very purpose is to create and maintain a lasting bond rather than to settle accounts and move on.

Questions 10–13: Short Answer

Answer the questions below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.

  1. 10

    The apparently one-way act of giving is really part of a continuing cycle of what?(max 2 words)

    Show answer

    Answer: exchange

    Why: The answer “exchange” is taken from this sentence — copy the word(s) exactly as they appear. It fits the 2-word limit.

    Evidence · Paragraph 2
    …the apparently one-way act of giving is really part of a continuing cycle of exchange that binds giver and receiver together over time.
  2. 11

    Through generous giving, a person in some societies could gain influence and what else?(max 2 words)

    Show answer

    Answer: respect (also accepted: prestige / status)

    Why: The answer “respect” is taken from this sentence — copy the word(s) exactly as they appear. It fits the 2-word limit.

    Evidence · Paragraph 4
    In some societies, generous giving is a route to influence and respect.
  3. 12

    In a commercial transaction, goods are exchanged for what?(max 2 words)

    Show answer

    Answer: money

    Why: The answer “money” is taken from this sentence — copy the word(s) exactly as they appear. It fits the 2-word limit.

    Evidence · Paragraph 6
    In a commercial transaction, goods are exchanged for money, the deal is completed on the spot.
  4. 13

    Gift-giving is described as a powerful mechanism for creating trust, obligation and what?(max 2 words)

    Show answer

    Answer: solidarity

    Why: The answer “solidarity” is taken from this sentence — copy the word(s) exactly as they appear. It fits the 2-word limit.

    Evidence · Paragraph 8
    …beneath the apparent simplicity of generosity lies a powerful mechanism for creating trust, obligation and solidarity between people.

Estimated band score for this test

Your raw score out of 13 scaled to the 40-question IELTS Reading (Academic) conversion table. This is the same estimate the practice page shows after you submit. A single passage is a small sample, so treat it as a guide.

Correct answersEstimated band
13 / 139.0
12 / 138.5
11 / 137.5
10 / 137.0
9 / 136.5
8 / 136.0
7 / 135.5
5–6 / 135.0
4 / 134.0
3 / 133.5
2 / 133.0
1 / 132.0
0 / 130.0

Full-test score? Use the IELTS band calculator.

Tips for the question types in this test

Yes / No / Not Given

  • Identify the claim in the statement and, crucially, whose opinion it represents — these passages often quote several people, so track who is speaking.
  • Scan the passage for opinion signals: verbs like "argues", "believes", "suggests", "claims", and phrases such as "in the author’s view".

Common trap: Treating a reported opinion (someone else’s view mentioned by the writer) as the writer’s own conclusion.

Full Yes / No / Not Given strategy

Multiple Choice

  • Read the question stem carefully before the options so you know exactly what is being asked.
  • Because multiple-choice questions follow passage order, locate the relevant section and read it in full — the answer usually depends on more than one sentence.

Common trap: Distractors that use exact words from the passage but distort the meaning.

Full Multiple Choice strategy

Short Answer

  • Read the instructions and note the exact word limit; going over it means zero marks even if the meaning is right.
  • Turn each question into a set of keywords and predict what kind of answer it needs (a person, a date, a place, a noun).

Common trap: Exceeding the word limit (writing four words when only three are allowed).

Full Short Answer strategy

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