Staying Safe in the Summer Sun

Warm, sunny days are one of the great pleasures of summer, but the same sunshine that lifts our mood can also harm our skin if we are not careful. Sunlight contains ultraviolet rays, often shortened to UV, which we cannot see or feel directly. These invisible rays are the cause of sunburn, and over many years they can lead to more serious damage. The good news is that a few simple habits are enough to let most people enjoy the sun safely.

The strength of the sun changes through the day. It is usually at its most powerful in the middle of the day, roughly between eleven in the morning and three in the afternoon. During these hours the UV rays are most intense, so it is sensible to seek shade when you can. Sitting under a tree, an umbrella or a canopy gives your skin a welcome rest without forcing you to stay indoors. Even on a cloudy day the rays can still reach you, so it is worth remembering that a grey sky does not mean the sun has switched off.

Clothing is one of the oldest and most reliable forms of protection. A wide-brimmed hat shades the face, ears and neck, which are areas that people often forget. Loose, long-sleeved shirts made from tightly woven fabric keep the sun off the arms and shoulders. Sunglasses matter too, because UV rays can harm the eyes as well as the skin, and a good pair helps you see comfortably in bright light.

Sunscreen is an important part of any summer routine, but it works best when it is used properly. Many people apply far too little, so it is worth being generous and covering every exposed area. Sunscreen also needs to be reapplied every couple of hours, and always after swimming or heavy sweating, because water and towelling rub it away. No sunscreen blocks the sun completely, so it should be combined with shade and clothing rather than relied on alone.

Children need extra care, as their skin is more delicate than that of adults. Babies under six months old should be kept out of direct sunlight altogether. For older children, the same rules apply as for adults, but parents should watch them closely and encourage them to take breaks in the shade. A sunburn in childhood is best avoided entirely.

Heat brings its own risks alongside the sun. On hot days the body loses water through sweat, and it is easy to become dehydrated without noticing. Drinking plenty of water helps you stay cool and alert. If someone becomes dizzy, develops a headache or feels sick in the heat, they should move to a cool place, rest and sip water. It also helps to avoid heavy exercise during the hottest hours and to wear light, pale clothing that reflects rather than absorbs the heat. With a little planning, the summer sun can be enjoyed safely from the first warm day to the last.